超微粉化是醫(yī)用藥品提高藥效的基礎。西藥微粉化可提高藥效，降低用藥量，早已得到證明，并廣泛用不動聲色西藥制藥中。中藥也不例外，絕大多數(shù)中藥是天然的動、植物，藥效成分通常分布于細胞內(nèi)與細胞間質(zhì)且以細胞內(nèi)為主，超細粉碎后，細胞壁被破碎，細胞內(nèi)有效成分得以充分暴露出來，這樣的藥物進入體內(nèi)后，有效成分的釋放速度及釋放量會大幅度提高，用藥量隨之大幅度減少，而療效卻不會降低，反能提高。在傳統(tǒng)中藥炮制中，對一些珍貴藥材或不適宜用煎煮方法的藥材，也采用研細磨粉沖服的方法，以達到減少用量，提高療效的目的。
Ultra fine powder is the basis of improving medical drugs. Western medicine powder can raise the effect, reduce the dosage, has been demonstrated, and are widely used in western medicine quietly. Chinese medicine is no exception, the vast majority of traditional Chinese medicine is natural animals and plants, medicinal ingredients normally distributed in intracellular and intercellular matter and the intracellular mainly, ultrafine grinding, cell wall was broken, the active ingredient in cell can be fully exposed, such a drug into the body, the release rate of effective components and release will greatly increase dosage along with greatly reduced, but its curative effect is not reduced, to improve. In the traditional Chinese medicine processing, to some precious medicinal herbs or not suitable for medicinal herbs decocting method, also used research methods of fine grinding blunt, in order to reduce the amount, improve the efficacy of.
據(jù)有關研究報告顯示，采用常規(guī)方式粉碎的中藥末，其單個粒子常由數(shù)個或數(shù)十個細胞所組成，細胞的破壁率極低。因藥物粒子內(nèi)部的朋效分將穿過幾個或數(shù)十個細胞壁及細胞膜方可釋放出來，釋出速度很慢，又因藥物在體內(nèi)停留的時間有限，在低速釋放的情況下釋出率也不會高；藥物粒子粗，吸附在腸壁上的可能性也會減少，其中一部分藥物粒子的成分在未完全釋放出來之前就被排出體外，使藥物的利用度進一步降低。
According to relevant research report, the conventional way to crush the Chinese medicine end. The single particle often consists of several or tens of cells. And cell broken rate is extremely low. Due to the drug inside the particle friends performance will pass through several or dozens of cell wall and cell membrane party released release speed is very slow, and because of the limited time of drug in the body to stay. In the slow release of the release rate is not high; drug particle diameter, in the intestinal wall of the possibility of adsorption will also reduce the, the composition of a portion of the drug particles before is not fully released out were eliminated from the body, drug utilization further reduce.
若將植物藥材經(jīng)過細胞級微粉碎后，其有效成分被人體吸收則較為簡單。藥物進入胃中，可溶性成分在胃液作用下即溶解，進入小腸后溶解的成分開始被吸收。由于藥物為超細粒子，其不溶性成分也極易附著在腸壁上，藥物成分會快速通過腸壁吸收，進入血液，而且這些超微粒子因附著力強，排出體外所需時間較長，提高了藥物的吸收率。此外藥物成分從細胞內(nèi)向細胞外遷移的過程所需時間縮短，不但吸收速度會明顯加快，而且吸收量也會大增加。
If the plant material after the cell level micro grinding, its active ingredient is absorbed by the human body is relatively simple. The drug enters the stomach and the soluble component is dissolved in the gastric juice, which is absorbed by the dissolved ingredients in the small intestine. Due to the drug for ultrafine particles, it does not dissolve component is easily attached on the intestinal wall, pharmaceutical ingredients will be quickly absorbed through the intestinal wall, into the blood and the ultrafine particles as a result of the strong adhesion excreted required a long time to improve the rate of absorption of the drug. In addition, the process of drug composition from cell to cell migration is shortened, not only the absorption rate will be significantly accelerated, but also the amount of absorption will be greatly increased.
對于礦物類藥材，相當一部分為水溶性物質(zhì)，其細度越高利用度亦越高。這與一些難溶性化學藥物的處理思路相同。通過提高藥物細度增大其比率表面積，則可改善體內(nèi)吸收量及速度。
For mineral medicines, a considerable part of the water soluble material, the higher the degree of fineness of the higher. This is the same as some of the difficult to deal with chemical drugs. By increasing the fineness of the drug to increase the surface area, it can improve the absorption quantity and speed of the body.
中藥的細胞級微粉碎后其混合均質(zhì)也會提高。藥材粉碎混合均勻度（也稱為均質(zhì)化）應以細度為基礎，粒度越細，其均勻度越高。但由于靜電及吸附作用，一般物料越細，其均質(zhì)化越為困難。這是由于中藥一般含率均為6%以上，且有的又含有一定油性及揮發(fā)性成分，屬兩種極性物質(zhì)的混合。在進行細胞級微粉碎的過程中，通過高強度剪切力使其均勻混合，可過到液相混合及乳化的效果。實際上在混合粉碎過程中，由于細胞內(nèi)水分的影響，物料的表面會呈半濕潤狀態(tài)，其粒子與粒子之間結合較為牢固，具有相當?shù)姆�(wěn)定性。其油性及揮發(fā)性成分在混合粉碎的同時吸附在一些固體及半液態(tài)成分的表面，通過藥材中某些具有表面活性的物質(zhì)使其易于同親水性成分相親和，達到均質(zhì)的目的。若將其放入水中攪拌，也不會產(chǎn)生油性與水性成分之間的偏析。由于細胞級微粉碎，會將藥材中的油細胞打破的同時進行均質(zhì)，使得含有揮發(fā)性成分的復方中藥由于條件的不同而產(chǎn)生揮發(fā)性降低或提高的現(xiàn)象。經(jīng)過均質(zhì)復方中藥，其油性及揮發(fā)性成分可以在進入胃中很快分散均勻，因藥物均質(zhì)的作用在小腸中會均勻的同其他水溶性成分同步吸收。這與用常規(guī)粉碎方式粉碎的未破壁藥材的吸收速度大相徑庭。
After the Chinese traditional Chinese medicine, the mixed homogeneity of the cell level is also improved. The mixed homogeneity of the medicinal materials (also known as homogenization) should be based on the fineness, the finer the grain size, the higher the uniformity. But because of the static electricity and the adsorption effect, the more fine the material is, the more difficult the homogenization is. This is due to the general rate of Chinese medicine are more than 6%, and some contain a certain amount of oil and volatile components, is a mixture of two polar substances. In the process of cell grade micro grinding, the effect of the mixture of the liquid phase and the emulsion can be mixed by the high strength shear force. In the process of mixing and grinding, the surface of the material is semi - humid due to the moisture content of the cell, and the combination between the particles and the particles is firm and has considerable stability. The oily and volatile components in a mixture of crushed the simultaneous adsorption in the surface of the solid and semi liquid composition by Chinese herbal medicine with some surface active material so that it is easy to with hydrophilic components dating and, to achieve homogeneous. If you put it into the water, it will not produce the segregation between oil and water. Due to cellular level pulverizing, will break the oil cells in Chinese herbal medicines and homogeneous, which contain volatile components of compound Chinese medicine due to the different conditions and produce volatile decrease or increase of the phenomenon. After homogenization of compound traditional Chinese medicine, volatile oil and oil can be dispersed uniformly in entering the stomach very quickly, because drug homogeneous in the small intestine will evenly with other water soluble components simultaneously absorb. The absorption rate of the conventional way be quite different crushing crushing herbs not broken.